58 / Monday, March 26, 2012 / Rules And Regulations And According To The Hazardous Products Regulation (February 11, 2015). Flat Fireplace Kit- Classico Limewash Avorio White Lime Interior/Exterior Paint (2. This sand is washed and graded, so it is ready for your project immediately. You need to soak the hydrated/slaked lime before using it (dissolve it at 1 pound (453 g. 1 Materials. Click and collect in as little as 1 minute. I’ve done quite a bit of plastering in lime, in our 200 y. All lime rates recommended by the NCDA&CS laboratory are based on a concept of standard agricultural lime with a CCE of 90% (0. It is mainly used as a plasticiser in cement mortars. Good quality, non-hydraulic lime putty is superior to dry-hydrated lime and should be used wherever possible. LIME. Blue Circle Hydralime is a quality-assured BS EN 459-1 CL 90-S hydrated lime, with independent third-party certification and carries CE marking. Materials The materials which could be used. PAGE 1 OF 4. Although lime has been used throughout this country and by several nations abroad for stabilization, the reactions of hydrated lime with soil are still for the most part a mystery. You can make it onsite, using either quicklime or hydrated lime, or you can buy a ready-mixed lime/calcium hydroxide slurry, such as CALSAFE from Carmeuse. Two replicates ofeach soil were used atwash is available when hydrated lime, natural hydraulic lime, lime putty, hydraulic lime mortar or fine lime plaster is handled. The literature contains many reports describing the benefits of lime additons and gives various explanations for the results obtained. Blue Circle Hydralime is a hydrated lime used for increased plasticity & cohesiveness in cement, mortars & renders. 99. Ceramic Tiles. This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 25; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. The function of hydrated lime is to kill viruses, bacteria and parasites present in the media to which it is applied. Hydratedlimeis notaseffectiveas alumincoagulatingclay turbidity. Click & Collect. Hydrated Lime Safety Data Sheet According To Federal Register / Vol. Hydrated Lime: 175 grams of hydrated lime per 100 litres of water and soak for 12 to 18 hours. Take a look at our Guide to fillers to see which. com. Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: None known. Preserving eggs in slaked lime was popular in the 1800s. Alumina, Reacted 65. This will smooth the contours of the wall. Quikrete 50 lb. Do you use, hydrated, hydraulic or lime putty. Blue Circle Natural Hydraulic Lime 3. Extra Rapid High Performance Cement Product Data Sheet. It is marketed either as quick- lime (CaO) or hydrated lime (Ca(OH)2). I wouldn't mix OPC with hydraulic lime. 6 sand 1 cement and 1 lime is that pal was thinking of using this mix also Mstiva87, Feb 28, 2021 #5. 5 tonne modules on non-chargeable pallets, or in smaller quantities as required. When making hydrated lime, a. Use of particular mixing techniques can reduce this. 2 The material shall also comply with the. Two different curing regimes were investigated. FREE delivery Wed, 20 Sept. Buy 1 Ltr Cleaning Fluids at Screwfix. 1. When diluted with water it produces a gauging solution for improved adhesion, workability and waterproofing of mortars and cementitious mixes. Our Unslaked Lime is produced by the conversion of limestone through calcining (burning) in either of our two rotary or two vertical kilns in Danielskuil. You Save $1. James W and. Norway Water Butt - 230 Litres. Plastering exterior walls is called rendering and involves applying a fairly thin layer of a cement, sand and lime mix. uk. Shop products from small business brands sold in Amazon’s store. 2 Primary routes of entry Inhalation: Yes Skin – eyes YesHydrated lime, Ca (OH) 2 (calcium hydroxide) is a strong alkali formed when calcium oxide reacts with water. NHL you can mix yourself this chemically sets like cement but still has the breathability of lime, mix this with NHL3. Guides. is useful to substantially increase the stability, impermeability and load-bearing capacity of subgrade. Also available in handy 5kg resealable tubs. Let sit at least 24 hours. The availability of calcium from these stabilizers varies due to their composition and solubility. Calcium oxide has a heavy density (65lb/ft³) and is. The lime is able to reduce plasticity and moisture-holding capacity. Limewash Recipes Using our High Calcium Hydrated Lime. 5 h, respectively. According to information online I need to have a mix of 4:1 sand and lime. com. Clear. Methodologies Followed. Then mix it with sharp sand. Naturaly Hydrated Lime Discussion in ' Electricians' Talk ' started by poshspark, Oct 14, 2010 . Hi all good morning I’m in the process of buying a 1950s council house that requires a full renovation including repointing the full house. Buy Ready Mixed Plaster at Screwfix. 18. I am working on a eco barn conversion the twin and earths have to be fixed to this naturally hydrated lime render. Overview: Hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide) is a dry, colorless crystalline powder manufactured by treating calcium oxide (quicklime) with water, in a process called "slaking. I’ve put scrim tape over the gaps between the boards but have some pretty big (10-15mm) gaps between the edges. #3. J. Leaves Hands Feeling Clean & Hydrated; Product Quantity. New Member. However, many. Depending on the amount of water used, calcium hydroxide can either be a dry hydrate (dry powder), a paste (putty lime) or a liquid milk of lime also called lime slurry (dry suspension in water). of lime on your lawn in a single application. Hessian. Solo Onecoat plaster can be finished to a smooth finish, suitable for decoration. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Quicklime is regenerated from waste hydrated lime in the carbide industry. Fig. Primer Coat. Zep Calcium, Lime & Rust Stain Remover 1Ltr. Blue Circle Mastercrete Cement Handy Pack - 12. Calcium Oxide + Water = Calcium Hydroxide + Heat. 6. I’ll be removing 15-20mm of the old mortar and looking to repoint using builders sand and cement. 66 (ex VAT) (1 Review) Choose Options. e. I mix the dry ingredients together, then add small amounts of water and mix for at least 10 minutes. J. After the lime and water have been thoroughly mixed, combine the lime putty and more water in a ratio of one part putty to four parts water. Lime mortar helps to expel the moisture from the masonry, a natural damp-proofing alternative that has stood the test of time. This type of mortar is used very often in colleges for practising builds with. The mix is highly workable and cohesive, with a long board life. 2 shows the flat pan mixer attached to the brick production unit. as opposed to cement (as some berk did in the 70's) I am building a single skin porch about 1. e. Hydralime can be used for traditional nominal mixes for mortars and. Calcium oxide is stoichiometrically reacted with water in a controlled process to form a hydrated lime product that has the consistency of a fine white powder containing less than 1% residual moisture. 5 part hydrated lime. The reason is that there are some Carboxylic andPhyllite as a substitute for hydrated lime in binary cement/phyllite (ratio 1:0. Blue Circle Extra Rapid Setting Cement - 5kg. e. What You Need. This limewash recipe is broken down into three parts: a Primer Coat, a Wash Coat, and a more translucent Patina Coat. Often soft in texture, when applied these substances harden. The wax should also help to protect the limed finish and provide good resistance to finger marks and everyday wear and tear. Hydrated Lime. IMPORTANT: CUT THE TOP OF THE BAG OPEN NEATLY INSTEAD OF STRETCHING THE PLASTIC UNTIL IT TEARS. . Lime is the most widely used reagent in water treatment applications. Wall fillers and flexible fillers create a clean smooth and professional finish. If you need to restore a bathroom to its former glory, this Calcium, Lime and Rust Remover by Zep will soon have those surfaces shining again. Hydrated lime, an additive substantially affecting asphalt concrete mechanical parameters, was used at 0, 15, 30, and 45 wt % as a partial replacement for the limestone filler. Uses of Lime Putty. Hydrated lime Ca (OH) 2 is a dry powder produced by combining quicklime with a sufficient amount of water to satisfy quicklime's natural affinity for moisture. This sand is washed and graded, so it is ready for your project immediately. yard). Hydralime can be used for traditional nominal mixes for mortars and. Product Description. com. You want normal builder's sand. 2. All it really does is make the mix nice and. Publication Date:Hydrated lime is selected because it is the most widely used anti-stripping agent of asphalt mixture [5], which is a commercial production with more than 95% of Ca(OH) 2 and produced in Tianjin Municipality. Click & Collect. Standard economy delivery (2-4 working days) applies. Creates a mechanical lock - The fine particle size of the Type S hydrated lime allows the mortar to penetrate. Fresh properties were measured, and hardened. 1. laying bricks or repointing. (2020) and Madeira et al. Variation of conversion efficiency of fresh hydrated lime (Sample A) in the entrained mixing reactor (ERx) and in the bag filter (with unreacted Sample A) for dry scrubbing of SO 2 gas (a) and for dry scrubbing of HCl gas (b) with changes to the acid gas to sorbent molar ratio. It is mainly used as a plasticiser in cement mortars. Hi all, please can I have some advice, when pointing a victorian red brick wall with 3 to 1 sand and hydraulic lime I usually cover it for a few days to stop it drying out to. 8-10 mm float coat of Unhaired Lime Mortar. Weight. Everbody have different ideas for the perfect render mix, I usually do 1st coat (scratch coat) 3:1 sharp sand with waterproofer, 2nd coat (floating coat) 4:1 sharp sand with waterproofer. Once the desired consistency is reached, mix for a further 20 minutes. But it costs about £12 a bag. £140. When you want to do some brick or block work and don’t want the fuss of working out a mix with sand and cement. It is supplied in two forms: quick lime: CaO; slaked (or hydrated) lime: Ca (OH) 2. FREE delivery Nov 15. Final Price $ 14 49. Click & Collect. 6 156. 14 percent solids, whereas the quicklime slurry had 29. The dust and slurry of hydrated lime are caustic in nature. [email protected] your choice of lime slurry system, Carmeuse is able to supply your needs - from CALSAFE ready-mixed lime slurry, to dry hydrated lime or quicklime. Keep filling with lime & water until nearly full, making sure to leave a few inches for water on top. Use 1 pound (453 g. com. Cut or fold the bag down as needed. 0% Iron Oxide Fe 2O A high-calcium, non-hydraulic, hydrated lime which conforms to the requirements of BS EN 459-1 Building Lime. For all but the smallest garden spaces, use a garden spreader to get an even application. yard). Soudal Repair Express Plaster Filler White 250ml (125RG) (4) compare. Bond It Integral Water Resistant Plasticiser - 5L. Lhoist operates across 25 countries. Form: Crystals. Larger hydrated lime feed rates are re-quired for higher boiler loads. 91 – SANDSTONE RESTORATION. 99 Inc Vat. Hydrated lime is considered to be a strong base, and care should be taken when applying. The other names of this compound can be given as slack lime, hydrated lime, caustic. Fine, white, dry powder which lightens and brightens mortars. Our lime putty based, Fine Surface Filler has been developed for use on small gaps and surface cracks in lime plasters and lime renders. Hydrated Lime is an industrial chemical made up of the element’s calcium, hydrogen, and oxygen. Scoop from the bag-in-bucket. qwas123, Sep 26, 2022. If you think about it, virtually all old walls, retaining or not, will have been made with lime mortar or just lime. They are sold as hydrated lime and have an initial set when water is added, followed by hardening while they absorb carbon dioxide. Mr. Keep container tightly closed Do not breathe dust. This limewash recipe is broken down into three parts: a Primer Coat, a Wash Coat, and a more translucent Patina Coat. I use hydrated ( not hydraulic ) lime if I want some easy trowelling, don't bother when I occasionally lay slabs. This enables us to offer a variety of high purity, quality and efficient hydrated lime with differing chemical and physical characteristics suitable for many applications. Available In Various Strengths, Colours & Textures. One part grey building sand, one part Portland cement and 1/4 part of hydrated lime. When I can form the mortar. This will stop the mortar drying out too easily and keep it workable for a longer period of time. Softening point of different hydrated lime replacement As showed in figure2, it was increased in general as the F/A ratio increased, and the higher replacement ratio of hydrated lime showed significant increase in the soft point. Jewsons and other builders merchants sell an HYDRAULIC lime which comes in 25kg bags and looks and acts more like cement. PAGE 1 OF 2. The aim of using a lime slaker is to convert the quicklime into hydrated lime by mixing it with water. 37m x Per Meter (add required) 1. 8kg per sq m (sq yd) on clay or peaty soils. Quikrete 50 lb. Arlington Heights, IL Distributor* $1 - 4. Delivery. Hydrated lime is available as a fine white powder consisting essentially of calcium hydroxide. 2 cm 3/g), which is twice that of standard hydrated lime) and a higher surface area (> 40 m 2/g), which Lhoist designated as Sorbacal ® SP. as opposed to cement (as some berk did in the 70's) I am building a single skin porch about 1. Fortunately such soils are rare. Hydrated and Hydraulic, I have read lots online (maybe too much) about both and their different abilities, but this has made me even more lost on which one to get. Hanson Hydrated Lime Paper Handy Bag 25kg. 5 is a popular choice for external work, although it depends on such factors as type of masonry, exposure of wall, climate etc. Page 2 of 3 < Prev 1 2 3 Next > Our range includes cement mix and lime products perfect for a broad range of construction purposes, used with fine aggregate to produce mortar for masonry or with sand and gravel aggregates to produce concrete. Too thick a second will also have air bubbles. Total Drying Space: 30m. Some say use only NHL 3. Max Load: 25kg. Hydrated Lime refers to a form of Calcium Hydroxide that only contains molecular water, leaving a dry powder. When he was repointing I asked him. The reason you will add lime to lawns is to balance the pH levels in the soil underneath. is useful to substantially increase the stability, impermeability and load-bearing capacity of subgrade. Soil stabilization can normally be achieved by using approximately 5% to 10% lime. Dam0n Screwfix Select. What mortar mix should I use and in what ratio? The web seems to have contradictory advice. Make non-hydraulic lime mortars & lime plaster by adding. One gallon will hold about 3 dozen eggs. If after 5-10 minutes of mixing the mortar is still a little dry, carefully add water in small amounts until required consistency is obtained. It also supplies value-added lime-based products such as hydrated lime, precipitated calcium carbonate, pulverized limestone, and construction stone. 54mm X 213mm X 54mm. Max Load: 25kg. Hydrated lime is a white powder that is commonly used in gardening and agriculture. Avoid breathing the dust and do not allow it to contact skin or eyes. Breathable Back. com. Creates a mechanical lock - The fine particle size of the Type S hydrated lime allows the mortar to penetrate. Open Hours 9AM 5PM Weekdays. Revision Date: 03/12/2022 Date of Issue: 12/15/2014 Supersedes Date: 05/12/2021Hydrated lime, also known as calcium hydroxide, is a versatile material that has been used in construction for thousands of years. Bubbles always occur on reskims in first coat. It is an inorganic compound that is a non-flammable, odorless, colorless white crystal or powder. Hydrated lime is a versatile product and can be used as a powder in mixtures or to form a suspension or slurry which is often pumped to multiple process locations within industrial. Mortars made with natural hydraulic lime gain strength by a combination of hydraulic setting and carbonation. Extra Rapid Cement Product Data Sheet. 3 mm harled coat of Reabilita Cal CS to provide a key. Wide range of Aggregates & Chemicals at Screwfix. Hazards identificationAlumina & Lime Mix 65 Alumina, Metal Grade 67 Alumina Powder 18 Alumina, Precipitator Dust 54 Material Bulk Density Reference Chart. £76. £2999. Lay first one on, flatten then let firm up a bit. UK call centre ready for your call 24/7. The lime is also designed to improve stability and raise the pH level in soil. 8 Methods of Dosing Lime is generally dosed as slurry because it has very low solubility (about 0. Plastic & Metal Construction. A dry trowel to finish can. Hydrated Lime, also known as calcium hydroxide and traditionally called slaked lime is an inorganic compound. Enhances water retention - Smaller particles tend to attract and adhere to water molecules. Conserv® are suppliers of lime mortar, lime plaster, lime render, hydraulic lime, lime putty, breathable paints and coatings. We are stockists of Earthborn paint, highly breathable paints suitable for lime plaster and lime render. Buy ready mix cement, sand cement mix, house bricks, concrete and mortar online now. Lime (Granular) 80 Lime (Hydrated) 40 Lime (Quick) 55 Lime (Pebble) 45 Lime (Pulverized Quick) 60 Lime, Rock Dust 82 Limestone 60 Limestone (Ground) 59 Limestone (Pulverized) 68In many of these applications, hydrated lime, or calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2), is used. 58 / Monday, March 26, 2012 / Rules And Regulations And According To The Hazardous Products Regulation (February 11, 2015). Bob Rathbone Screwfix Select. It is very long-lasting. NHL 3. Lime Putty is produced by slaking quicklime. Calcium hydroxide is. After 5 minutes slowly add water until the desired consistency is reached, it is very important not to drown the mix by adding too much water. Calcium hydroxide is commonly referred to as slaked lime and is described by the chemical formula Ca (OH)2. The house was built using lime, and I realiseand nderstand the importance of using lime to repopint. founder, Tim Carter, discusses what is hydrated lime. ADD TO CART. severe pain or swelling in your throat. 3kg of hydrated lime per sq m (sq yd) on sandy or loamy soils, and 0. Some say use only NHL 3. 2 Hollow concrete blocks shall be embedded with a mortar which is relatively weaker than the mix used for making blocks in order to avoid the formation of cracks. Available in 20kg resealable plastic tubs. Discussion in 'Electricians' Talk' started by poshspark, Oct 14, 2010. Labour and time saving. All lime rates recommended by the NCDA&CS laboratory are based on a concept of standard agricultural lime with a CCE of 90% (0. Find amazing deals on hydrated lime screwfix at on Temu. Where this is the case, find the narrowest joint in the structure and select a lime mortar suitable for. The active ingredient is calcium carbonate. The benefits of HYDRATED lime in flexibilility within any of the ratios mentioned in this thread would be negligible or none existant unless the ratios are increased to amounts like 1:2:8 cement-lime-sand. 12-15 mm scratch coat of Haired Lime Mortar. You need a large burner, a full propane tank, and plenty of. 5 Natural Hydraulic Lime. Product Name: Graymont Australia Hydrated Lime SDS Prepared by: Nexreg Compliance Inc. leave it in the mixer and re mix just. 83 (ex VAT) Choose Options. To mix the lime water, bring water to a boil, then let it cool to room temperature. This results in favorable moisture damage resistance in lime-treated siliceous sands and gravels. S. In asphalt, hydrated lime is used as an anti-strip agent as it helps to. Lime is also a natural fungicide, so the wall will remain looking better for longer. It is created by adding water to quicklime in order to turn oxides into hydroxides. The characteristics of hydrated lime provide unique benefits in masonry applications that distinguish cement-lime mortars from other masonry mortar materials. Distributor of commercial and industrial supplies. Warning: in both cases, these reagents will contain between 4 and 20% of solid impurities (CaCO 3, SiO 2. The calcitic, hydrated lime (Ca(OH) 2), used primarily in engineering applications, proved most amenable to soil treatment for alkaline hydrolysis [17], [18]. Mortars made with natural hydraulic lime gain strength by a combination of hydraulic setting and carbonation. Graymont’s Lime operations are focused on the production of high-calcium and dolomitic lime, and value-added, lime-based products such as hydrated lime as well as. 38 gallons of Portland cement and 1. Superfine lime putty can be mixed with superfine sand to create a fantastic lime skim coat. Hydrated – lime that has been slaked. The SMA mixtures that were subjected to SATS protocol were produced with one conventional bitumen type at two contents (6. Return it and get some natural hydraulic lime. The influence of the amount of hydrated lime on the content of voids, indirect tensile stiffness modulus at −10 °C, 0 °C, +10 °C, +20 °C, and +30 °C, and the. Here I mixed my own lime mortar from mason’s sand and Type S mason’s lime, which is a dry, bagged, hydrated product. These products are effective in, amongst others, Animal Hygiene, Water Treatment, and Soil Stabilisation. 99 Inc Vat. increasing the bearing value. The chemical formula of Hydrated lime is Ca(OH) 2. It has many names including hydrated lime, caustic lime, builders' lime, slaked lime, cal, and pickling lime. It is a colorless crystal or white powder and is produced when quicklime (calcium oxide) is mixed with water. After 12 hours mix Parts A and B together to a brushable consistency. Limewash Recipes Using our High Calcium Hydrated Lime. In addition to our own brand, we also stock trusted brands like Blue Circle, Hanson and Setcrete. So we intend to keep the limestone pointed and mortared with lime, but internally we were keen to use a Gypsum Multi Finish skim over the lime plaster. Lime mortars are 100% natural and traditional, they don't contain any cement or hydrated lime. Cover the top with a couple of inches of water and let it mature for 6 weeks or longer. Its properties make it an important component in a wide range of applications, including soil stabilization, masonry, plastering, and as a binding agent in asphalt and concrete. Leaves Hands Feeling Clean & Hydrated; Product Quantity. replacement of hydrated lime was illustrated in figure2. As the plaster can be worked for longer, its easier to apply, the only downside is that it takes longer to set. 280ml Stainless Steel Bottle. Non-Hydraulic – lime that sets only by reabsorbing CO2 from the air. 1 Hazard characterisation Xi Irritant R37/38 Irritating to respiratory system and skin R41 Risk of serious damage to eyes 2. USHG – Heritage HS60 Natural Sandstone Repair Mortar – Datasheet. 6th avenue, west bend, wisconsin, 53095Hydrated lime additions have also improved the digestibility of wheat straw for sheep (Djajanegara, 1985). Hydrated lime is produced by burning limestone to produce quicklime that is then treated with sufficient water to satisfy its chemical affinity for water. In its hydrated state, calcium is called calcium hydroxide, and in its pure state it is called calcium oxide, or quicklime. Click & Collect. The house needs re-pointing which I would like to do myself. 5 sand, 1 lime, 1 cement should do it. Total Drying Space: 30m. Lime. It is also used in herritage. Hydrated lime is used as a disinfectant for the treatment of sewage sludge (PT 2). £355. Rugby® Hydrated Lime should be stored off the ground, in clean, dry conditions and covered with a plastic sheet. 5kg. Hydrated lime is commonly used by small facilities because it can be directly applied to theDolomitic Hydrated Lime Type S Safety Data Sheet According to the Hazard Communication Standard (CFR29 1910. Rake out joints to 40 to 50 mm. Leave for 24-48 hours until ‘green hard’. Thorough history, the most common admixture used to improve cementitious mortars has been hydrated lime in notorious volumetric mix designs of 1:1:6 or 1:2:9 (cement:lime:aggregate) [12,14,15,20. Atmospheric hydrators, the more prevalent type, are used in continuous mode to produce high-calcium and dolomitic hydrates. 52 percent solThe stucco mix was just a blend of hydrated lime, Portland cement and medium sand. These are: Fine Particle Size - The sub micron size of Type S hydrated lime has several advantages in masonry mortar. 4-1 mix. Weather resistant and durable, this mortar is suitable for most general brick and block applications. 2. Their Cosywool rolls are an easy to use sheeps wool insulation, supplied in compressed packed rolls for quick installation. Quicklime also ships in larger consignments of approximately 26 tons, compared to 20 tons for hydrated lime and 8. This is produced by adding an excess of. Choose from top trade brands. Mix only as much mortar as you will use in 1 or 2 hours and do not add more water if mixture starts to get thick. About 15 percent of all lime produced is converted to hydrated (slaked) lime. It's a water-soluble, finely granulated. Compost that has a low level of acidity will rot faster. ie you use it from the bag and it 'goes off' as a result of mixing with water. It's light orange. Lime Mortar. A good tip is to always measure the materials by volume, ie use the same size bucket and. Shop online 24/7 and have your Lime delivered at home or FREE Click & Collect in 40+ UK stores! Chemistry Lesson #2 = Gypsum (modern plaster) sets chemically. Shop QUIKRETE. It consists essentially of calcium hydroxide or a mixture of calcium hydroxide and magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide, or both. , 90% passes a 20-mesh screen and 35% passes a 100-mesh screen), so ENV=0. brummie taff, Oct 24, 2008. The lime slaker has the ability to control the exothermic reaction during the transformation of the CaO into Ca (OH) 2. For each case the percent solids was determined by centrifuge separation of the supernatant and drying of the material remaining. developed the cement using red mud, lime, gypsum and bauxite. Clean the substrate then attach a large mesh grid of suitably approved galvanised (internally only) or stainless steel reinforcement. pdf. I have used hydraulic lime for brick laying and for laying rubble stone when I built my house 12 years ago. Thread by: nealjk , Apr 11, 2021 , 1 replies, in forum: Builders' Talk. Choose Options. Contact us to order Limelite NHL 5 Natural Hydraulic Lime: 03444 630 046. ) slaked lime per gallon (3. 1 hydrated lime and 1 cement is the any preference for the cement I use also would you use some plasticiser thanksRugby® Hydrated Lime is available in paper sacks delivered as shrink-hooded, 1.